Modern American History: From the Second World War to Today. Essay

War is a pulverize machine utilized by each country from Third World nations to Global Empires all through world’s history. This article will endeavor to audit Modern American History from the World War II to introduce day. Key zones will be test are 1) energy and publicity utilized by the legislature during wartime, 2) the job of Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) upholding residential laws during the Cold War time of American history, 3) the mediates of the United States abroad in numerous perspectives from increasing key focal points, control of common assets, dismiss of severe governments, the spread of political and strict framework, and business personal circumstance, to 4) how the media shapes our verifiable world over a wide span of time. The last section infuses an individual view. At the point when American battles against another nation, one of the most basic viewpoints its pioneers must make certain is the people’s backing of the war. This standard open backings empower the nation to raise assets and funds the war. To see how system can accomplish such a powerful factor and ensures its prosperity, we have to audit Susan Brewer’s work. Through her book, title - Why America Fights: Patriotism and War Propaganda from the Philippines to Iraq, we’ll talk about the multifaceted job of the American media in molding of open recognition during times of war. We’ll dismember the job of war purposeful publicity, and the methods by which the military, and the media, participated in making the war satisfactory to the American open, by alluding to Why Viet Nam (Brewer section 5) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (Brewer part 6). â€Å"If opportunity is to make due in any American old neighborhood it must be safeguarded in such places as South Viet Na m† President Lyndon B. Joh... ...endent from outside organizations who are controlling the country’s assets. To begin with, there is â€Å"the syndication held by Electric Bond and Share† (Kinzer 132). Second, there is â€Å"the International Railways of Central America, which claimed almost all the country’s rail lines, including the sole connection between the capital and the Atlantic port of Puerto Barrios †the vast majority of which is likewise owned† (Kinzer 132). Third, there is â€Å"the United Fruit, which possessed in excess of 550,000 sections of land, around one-fifth of the country’s arable land† (Kinzer 133). He did what he set out to do and that is to pass the â€Å"Agrarian Reform Law,† explicitly focusing on these private enterprises. Toward the end, his activities prompted unfriendly outcomes that drive him to leave his administration. Indochina, the French government has colonized Viet Nam in the nineteenth century for its characteristic asse ts of elastic (Kinzer 150).

Avoiding Taxes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Maintaining a strategic distance from Taxes - Essay Example The US government forms process requires the US residents to pay charge on the earnings they procure everywhere throughout the world. The US residents are required to pay personal charges on their overall pay independent of the reality whether they visited the US land lately or in the ongoing decades. This prompted the revoking of US citizenship by the US individuals which has expanded from 231 of every 2008 to 1781 out of 2011. By surrendering US citizenship, the individuals of US or individuals dwelling abroad can decrease their duty risk as they are not required to follow the extensive procedure of US assessment forms (Yoshov, 2007). The expense obligation is likewise diminished as the charges on overall pay are decreased as an impact of disavowing the US citizenship. Along these lines the general assessment risk is decreased because of disavowing of US citizenship by individuals particularly in US and furthermore by individuals holding US citizenship and living abroad. Duty obligation: Effects of double citizenship Numerous individuals having US citizenship have moved to different nations where they likewise hold a citizenship of that nation. Britain and Wales comprises the most elevated number of US residents everywhere throughout the world. These individuals have double citizenship in both the US just as in another nation like England. The impact of double citizenship is, be that as it may, entangled as the individuals are required to pay charges to both the US government also to the Inland Revenue System of the nation of home. Along these lines the impact of double citizenship doesn't help the individuals dressed in lessening their assessment obligation. In view of the US citizenship, the individuals are required to pay charges for the overall salary. Aside from this, the US residents are likewise required to pay charges to the host nation where they have relocated and are winning their pay (Patterson, 2006). Aside from this, the double citizenship would likewise implement the US residents t o pay capital increases duty to the US government in the event that they sell their properties in another nation which is their primary home. Along these lines double citizenship would make the assessment obligation progressively entangled. Examination: Effects of revoking US citizenship to building up double citizenship The impact on charge obligation of the pay earned by the individuals having US citizenship could be contrasted with the individuals having double citizenship. The demonstration of denying the US citizenship is a substantially more satisfactory alternative as the individuals would not be required to pay charges for more than once for just a single salary. By surrendering the US citizenship, the individuals would not be required to pay burdens on their overall pay. They would just be required to pay charges to the host government for the salary that they have earned on their property. The revoking of US citizenship, in any case, includes a one time cost as the US resi dents should finish a US assessment form for a long time. There are likewise lawful costs required for the procedure of movement. Then again, double citizenship would make the expense obligation significantly more convoluted (CCH Incorporated, 2007). The resident would need to pay personal duties to the US government regardless of where they have earned their pay. The offer of properties in the nation of home would require the residents to pay capital increases expense to the US government. Aside from this, the resident would likewise require to pay charges to the host government for the pay earned in the host nation which is their real living arrangement. Consequently from the point of view of decrease of duty obligation, double citizenship would be progressively confounded when contrasted with repudiating of US citizenship. Choice on denying citizenship versus double citizenship From an individual point of view, repudiating US citizenship would be a lot simpler when contrasted wit h taking up double citizenship. From the view purpose of decrease of t

Hierarchy and the Disorder of Separation in the Bible :: Free Essay Writer

Chain of importance and the Disorder of Separation in the Bible Appropriate Hierarchy and the Disorder of Separation All through the content of the Bible, and particularly apparent in Chapter 3 of Genesis, there is a framework which God has set up to indicate the best possible connections every one of his manifestations share with one another and with Him. An examination of this reoccurring subject will assist with building up that God’s expected framework is a progression wherein there is an allocation of â€Å"servants† and â€Å"masters,† with God having the last position. This theme is first presented in part 1 of Genesis where God sees that His manifestations are â€Å"good,† previously setting up a better quality, â€Å"good,† from a lower one, â€Å"bad.† In the framework that follows, the pecking order runs with God premier as the maker; at that point people come next as docile to God, yet are placed responsible for administering all the â€Å"lesser creatures;† and afterward the various creatures, who feed on the vegetation of the land. We s ee that the aim of the author(s) was not to advance a confidence in equity, yet rather standards administering an exceptionally sorted out structure isolating the individuals who serve and the individuals who rule. Section three depicts the fall of both man and lady by God who states and keeps up the connections inside the chain of command. In light of their activities, God rebuffs Adam, Eve, and the snake. It is additionally intriguing to take note of that when God draws near, at that point interrogates Adam regarding whether he ate the natural product, His development quickly infers that God will take man’s word first over lady, and over every single other animal. By and by we see particular degrees of significance among the three: God esteems the man’s word first, as he is made in the similarity of Him; the lady second, since she is Adams subsidiary; at that point the snake, whom God will hear last, as for this situation. At the point when Adam reacts to God’s request, rather than tolerating any type of duty, he tells God of how Eve had given the natural product to him - â€Å"It was the lady you provided for be with me who gave the me the organic product from the tree, and I ate it.† (Genesis 3:12) Adam, rather than tolerating the obligation regarding his activities, accuses both Eve and God for his deplorable activities. Moreover when Eve gets the fault, she ascribes her misguided thinking to the snake, which she asserts â€Å"deceived [her] into eating it.

The Hidden Treasure of Psychology Thesis

The Hidden Treasure of Psychology Thesis Psychology Thesis - Dead or Alive? Psychology proposal is quite important portion of the dissertation paper. The thesis has to be adequately supported by the content in the last paper. The subject of the thesis project is decided along with the thesis adviser, who's knowledgeable in the specific domain of the research and who will advise the student on every phase. PhD research takes a subject area to really research and you'll be encouraged to select your topic area very carefully. Want to Know More About Psychology Thesis? In brief, a thesis is a detailed overview of the student's work and experience. Your instructor can provide some great suggestions that you may not have thought of previously. As a result, if you prefer to prepare your psychology thesis papers at the graduation or post graduation degree, you must throw focus on particular regions of interest. In some instances, students simply devise the study and imagine the po tential results that may occur. What You Must Know About Psychology Thesis Finding the proper psychology experiment idea can be challenging, but since you can see there are lots of great methods to produce inspiration. Among the most exciting things about sports psychology is it is not only about athletes and coaches. A recent study showed that people who utter self-affirmations might be less inclined to follow a goal once they experience failure. Suppose your preferred field is child psychology then you could select a topic like effect of divorce on a young child. Top Choices of Psychology Thesis You can concentrate on the effects of the subsequent topics on the nature and development of a kid, adult or elderly. Identifying the learning pattern of children can result in a very good outcome. Do extensive researches to find out what kind of topic will provide you with comfort to explain with much clarity. As an example, many students gain from short freewriting sessions that enable them to think through problems and produce solutions in a stress-free way. The Do's and Don'ts of Psychology Thesis Psychology is an intriguing area of study that covers many locations, so every student can select an exciting idea for her or his dissertation. It is the vast research area and you will have to study deeply to write psychology thesis. It is a very broad and diverse field of study, and you can find a variety of lists of possible topics for psychology essay papers online. Clinical psychology is just one of the most well-known subfields within psychology. The better part of the psychology sub-fields are rather broad, making researching on it extremely problematic. It's also intersubdisciplinary as it encompasses all the standard subdisciplines of psychology. Certainly, psychology is among the most intriguing branches of science out there. Because general psychology classes cover such a wide selection of topics, you have a huge range of subject ideas to pick from. What You Must Know About Psychology Thesis The essay isn't as scary as it looks. The research question has to be clear and focused so the reader knows just what the student is investigating. Your thesis idea ought to be one which can be backed by means of a lot of verified data. You will need to read a whole lot whilst doing research for your academic essay, and it is going to take a lot of time and energy. New Questions About Psychology Thesis You will talk about the concept of the undertaking. Just don't forget that it's really hard to modify your topic as soon a s you have already started writing, so go at your own pace in choosing it in the very first location. After all, should you not choose something that's of interest to you are you truly likely to have the ability to maintain your interest for the upcoming several decades. Pick one that intrigues you, or that you've already researched about because you've got an outstanding interest within it. The New Fuss About Psychology Thesis If you think that a paid firm is the best suited to give you a listing of the absolute most apt organizational psychology research topic ideas, think about contacting us and you are going to be assisted professionally. Make certain there are enough online sources on this issue you've chosen. For instance, you might start with deciding that you would like to compose your paper on a topic within a particular branch of psychology. You will have the ability to spot a great research topic idea that's unique and impressing. The very first step in looking for a superb dissertation topic on psychology is to dedicate a little time and research for a topic one is acquainted with. As soon as you've finalized the topic for your clinical psychology undertaking, the next thing to do is to begin researching. Narrow down from there and focus on what you would like to say about the subject. To settle on a topic from general psychology, you should pick any topic you enjoy and then begin narrowing it down. You don't need to select a topic that's so general that you truly feel overwhelmed, but you also don't wish to pick a topic that's so specific that you are feeling limited or not able to find details about it. If you locate an overall research topic interesting, you will likely end up asking a selection of questions regarding the subject and about the data that you're collecting and analyzing.

The Pan Africanism For Beginners - 1829 Words

The Pan-African movement as described in Lemelle’s Pan-Africanism for Beginners is a set of ideas and ideologies containing social and cultural, political and economic, material and spiritual aspects. Each aspect is accompanied by a plethora of historical figures and terms unique to the movement, well described throughout the text and in the presented glossary. This book makes it easy to understand all the information accompanying each topic. While it does have its strengths and weaknesses, this book as a whole creates and explains a diverse scope of information. It describes the beginnings of Pan-Africanism and shows how the beliefs of many influential people have stemmed from notions and dreams of years passed. As a learning experience, Lemelle s Pan-Africanism for Beginners provides a strong broad base of knowledge. Instead of concentrating on the specifics of Pan-Africanism, this book covers a broad range of aspects, from the Diaspora to Garveyism to the Harlem Renaissance. Because there are so many people and movements associated with Pan-Africanism, it is nearly impossible to go into detail about every important event in one book. Even so, Lemelle does a good job at providing enough detail on each topic, while still conveying how complex Pan-Africanism is. By including many facets of Pan-Africanism, Lemelle is able to spark an interest in the reader so that they can continue onto more specific research. For instance, when Lemelle explained the Conference ofShow MoreRelatedThe Pan Africanism For Beginners1823 Words   |  8 Pages The Pan-African movement as described in Lemelle’s Pan-Africanism for Beginners is a set of ideas and ideologies containing social and cultural, politi cal and economic, material and spiritual aspects. Each aspect is accompanied by a plethora of historical figures and terms unique to the movement described thoroughly in the text and the presented glossary. The piece makes it easy to understand all the information accompanying each topic. While it does have its strengths and weaknesses, the bookRead MorePan Africanism For Beginners Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesSid Lemelle hoped for his book, Pan-Africanism for Beginners, to be a comprehensive guide to the complex concept of Pan-Africanism. Lemelle begins the book by broadly defining Pan-Africanism to mean the inclusion of â€Å"all people of African ancestry living in continental Africa and throughout the world.† This definition sets the foundation for his analysis of Pan-Africanism. Pan-Africanism for Beginners explores the major leaders and events associated with Pan-African sentiments chronologically. The

A Comparison and Contrast of Poe’s Fiction to Hawthorne’s

Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne were writers of the American gothic genre. They both used the elements of horror and mystery in their writing styles, writing about the dark side of humanity and the evil that lives within the human mind. Gothic writing focuses on the dark side of humanity and both Poe and Hawthorne captured this style well in their use of themes, symbols, and narration that focused on darkness and evil with their characters fighting various psychological issues. However, Poe’s stories are told in the first person narrative and he focuses on one human psychological effect, looking at man’s thoughts from within his mind and how his behavior then affects his surroundings. He also tends to build a sense on impending doom somewhat stronger than Hawthorne. Hawthorne, on the other hand uses the third person and focuses more on how man’s thoughts and behaviors are the results of what is happening around him. His stories also tend to be more of a r omantic nature than Poe’s and he tends to create stories of conflicting interpretations to share lessons of life. Both Poe and Hawthorne used symbolism to tell their stories. In The Tell-Tale Heart, Poe uses a number of symbols such as the old man’s eye and heart. The narrator compares the old man’s eye to the eye of a vulture. It seems dull with something like a film over it, obscuring clear vision, but at the same time it has power over the narrator. He states that the old man’s eye â€Å"the eye of a vulture†¦.wheneverShow MoreRelatedPoe Hawthorne949 Words   |  4 PagesComparison/ Contrast of Poe/ Hawthorne Poe and Hawthorne are the most significant American writers of 19th century. They have their own way of relating to their audiences that’s varied and similar at the same time. Poe’s writing involves the reader emotionally. Hawthorne on the other hand considers author’s imagination important and paints a picture based on it. These innovative thoughts and experimentations in language have forever changed what we appreciate in writing. Poe and HawthorneRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 PagesPlot When we refer to the plot of a work of fiction, then, we are referring to the deliberately arranged sequence of interrelated events that constitute the basic narrative structure of a novel or a short story. Events of any kind, of course, inevitably involve people, and for this reason it is virtually impossible to discuss plot in isolation from character. Character and plot are, in fact, intimately and reciprocally related, especially in modern fiction. A major function of plot can be said to beRead MoreLecture on Short Story5432 Words   |  22 PagesAllan Poe, take the ancestral intensity of the myth and folk tale to write condensed studies of human behaviour that attempt to reveal the most enigmatic, and in Poe’s case, darkest impulses behind human behaviour. It is useful to consider the revelatory nature of the short story as crucial to an understanding of this genre. A comparison with the novel can shed some light on this point. Novels are invested in a process or development: they follow the unfolding of a character (or characters) through

Clil free essay sample

These weak points have caused the search for a new approach. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is the new approach that tries to provide innovative solutions to the current problems language teaching approaches face. The purpose of this assignment is to analyse if CLIL can be considered the approach for the future. This analysis will consist of the following sections. The first section looks at the definition of CLIL. Section 2 deals with the context where CLIL takes place that is an international and a local perspective. The third looks at the problems for implementing this approach in our context: Peru. Section 4 looks at the advantages of CLIL. Finally, some conclusions about the CLIL’s situation for the future will be provided. According to David Graddol in Ball (2012, p. 17), CLIL is â€Å"an approach to bilingual education in which both curriculum content and English are taught together. It differs from simple English-medium education in that the learner is not necessarily expected to have the English proficiency required to cope with the subject before beginning study. Graddol states that the focus on learning is on the content (subjects such as history or science) as well as English which is considered a vehicle for learning content. He also emphasizes the fact that students do not need to be language proficient to learn the content because they will pick up the language when studying the subject in a meaningful, contextualized and natural way. We consider that by learning language through content, students will benefit as they do not have to worry consciously about the structures and grammar. Sometimes being too aware of structures can demotivate students. In this way, CLIL offers a new way of learning English through content; however we believe it is important to consider the context where it takes place because it will have an impact on how successful students will be at learning the foreign language. For the purpose of this assignment, we have considered 2 contexts: the international context focusing especially on the European Union (EU) and our country: Peru. We believe that the EU is the ideal place for CLIL for its linguistic policy, the exposure to English and socioeconomics and geographical features. In 1995, a new linguistic policy based on plurilingualism was adopted. All European citizens should speak 2 foreign languages by the time they finish their compulsory studies. (Ball: 2012). This policy caused the improvement of foreign language teaching and methods. In such a context, students are encouraged to study foreign languages by the State which also worries about the methods used and the teachers’ training. In addition to the linguistic policy, students are exposed to English everywhere: in the streets, in the schools, etc, which helps them not only reinforce what they are learning at school but also learn new language features. Finally, the EU is a context where all countries are closely connected by geography and economics. In a context like this, students and teachers feel comfortable using CLIL because they have the necessary tools to take advantage of this new approach: easy access to the language everywhere and the linguistic policy which fosters learning foreign languages. We believe that the State plays an important role when implementing this new linguistic policy as it provides the necessary resources for its implementation such as teachers’ training as well as the funding. In the EU, CLIL can work well and can be considered the future for the future mainly because of its linguistic policy. Whereas plurilingualism is fostered in the EU, the reality in Peru about linguistic policy is completely different. In Peru, there is an enormous difference in the quality of education between the public and private schools. In the former, it is mandatory to teach English only 2 hours per week in the high school whereas in the latter, students are exposed to more than 2 hours per week and in some cases, the schools are bilingual. In addition to the difference of teaching hours, there is also a huge difference in other topics such as materials, infrastructure, methodology, teachers’ proficiency and training, teachers’ salary among others. These differences have an impact on students’ learning. While the implementation of CLIL in the EU is imminent, there are some issues to consider regarding Peruvian educational context. First, culture is an important issue to contemplate. We agree with the idea that there? s a cultural bias in every culture. There are some expressions in the L2 that can be a barrier in the process of teaching or learning as they cannot be translated easily into the other language. There are cultural aspects in both languages that can be problematic to define or comprehend due to subjective and contextual interpretations. For that reason, some people think that teaching a subject through an L2 language that has its own cultural baggage is unnatural and that it may influence students’ national identity; it may change their attitudes and ways of thinking. An example of this could be teaching Peruvian History in English. There is another issue to be mentioned and it refers to this idea found in the European Commission Survey â€Å"Eurydice† (2006) in Ball (2012:34) that says that â€Å"any subject may be chosen for CLIL from among those on offer, meaning that in theory, no subject on the standard curriculum is considered inappropriate or unworkable†. We think that â€Å"in theory†, it is possible to believe that all subjects can be taught through CLIL; however, some of them are too linguistically limited and don’t allow students to express themselves as critically as other subjects do. Therefore, the number of vocabulary and of structures learned by the students will be limited as well. Science based subjects like Chemistry; Physics and Biology are poorer in language than social sciences like History, Geography and literature. Social sciences offer a variety of opportunities for communicative activities that promote analysis and critical thinking. These subjects offer a wide array of contextualized language. In CLIL, the content of subjects should show thematic continuity and conceptual sequencing. The next issue we should think about is the CLIL teacher. There is a controversy on deciding which teachers are the best for teaching CLIL. Is it the subject teacher or the language teacher? One of the main problems of CLIL is that language teachers lack knowledge on the subjects while subject teachers have minimal knowledge of foreign languages. Probably in some ‘English-rich’ sociolinguistic contexts the best answer will be the subject teacher. As being exposed to the target language daily, not only the teachers, but also the students will feel more confident and comfortable with the use of CLIL in the class. But even in these cases that can sound easier and more accessible, proper CLIL training is the key to achieve the goals and objectives required for the subject. In Europe some CLIL training programs are being implemented, there are few specifically designed teacher training programs and not many can have access to them. Unlike the European context, most Peruvian subject teachers lack proficiency or have little knowledge about English, which prevents them to become CLIL teachers. How about language teachers? Can they teach CLIL? Again, proper training is the answer. In Peru, CLIL programs are commonly taught by non-native subject teachers or by language teachers. Most English teachers who work in public schools are not proficient English speakers. In order to overcome this situation, we believe teachers should be given regular opportunities to maintain and improve their English skills. Because the methodology, techniques, materials and task design used in CLIL are new to teachers, they may feel reluctant to try a new teaching approach. We should also consider parents ‘opinions; they may not feel comfortable having an English teacher teaching History or Geography as those subjects are not the area of expertise of a language teacher (Ball, 2012). To solve these inconveniences, compulsory training must be provided. Teachers need to be trained in how CLIL works, in its basic principles (The Holy Trinity), the correct use and design of materials, and proper assessment. According to Ball and Lindsay (2010), this training should take place at the beginning of the academic year to give teachers a general background of the methods and materials to be used during the academic year. During the meetings in the academic year, teachers will observe a class so that they can observe a specific technique and discuss about it. Teachers will also be observed and they will receive appropriate feedback to improve their teaching. Another way of training teachers is the use of ‘adjunct courses’ where there is cooperation between departments. Language and subject teachers develop good practices by working together to build the content and the language to be studied. In addition to training, finding the right materials is another problem CLIL teachers face. Educational books are designed for specific contexts. Many subjects, like the social sciences and the arts, require cultural content which relates directly to the local context. Many language teachers worry about using CLIL materials because they feel they do not have the background knowledge of the subject, and even though the material is only a vehicle for the language, it has to be interesting and relevant to students. As there are not many materials available to teach and there isn’t a book specifically designed to suit each country and each subject according to a precise curricula and culture, teachers have to adapt their own materials that can enhance students’ learning by promoting critical thinking and analysis and enable them to develop their high order skills. Ball (2012) emphasizes learning needs to be significant; people learn languages more efficiently and faster when the materials being used are engaging and authentic. These materials should reflect their environment, their culture and context. This is natural language development which builds on other forms of learning. If the students are involved, then the discussion constitutes real communication. Within this process the language used (functional and topical) will automatically be relevant. Also, there even seems to be a problem to develop materials that can foster the two types of language highlighted by Cummins (1979): BICS or ‘Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills† which is the language required to interact socially with other people, and CALP or ‘Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency’ which is the formal academic learning using the subject content material and considering the four language skills (reading, listening, speaking and writing). BICS are usually neglected by teachers. BICS refer to the day-to-day language needed to interact socially with other people, and both are equally important. Learners require knowing and developing these skills, so they can engage themselves in meaningful interactions. In order to avoid this to happen effective training is the key to succeed in the use of CLIL. In CLIL, more emphasis is put on meaning rather than on form. The possibilities of creating exclusive material in our context would imply time and money. It could be a great solution, but only thinking in the very long term. One of the main problems in CLIL is the assessment. It has to be fair and objective, and what will the teacher grade? CLIL is a content-based approach in which learners use the language as a tool for learning, so the focus is on the content and how the students were able to grasp that content using high order skills. The teacher is being fair when assessing the understanding on the content applied to different contexts and pays less attention to the cognitive language level of the students. The language is assessed as the vehicle for expressing the conceptual material. In the case of soft CLIL, the objectives are still based on the content, so we believe that students will be assessed in both language and content, but content will still be the main focus. Furthermore, we believe that in every subject taught in CLIL, BICS and CALP should be given equal importance, teachers should assess both of them. In spite of these difficulties for implementing CLIL in Peru, this new approach does have positive aspects to offer. First of all, CLIL promotes the â€Å"Holy Trinity† that is content, procedure and lexis and structures are integrated and equally important in the learning process. In a task, students work on these 3 aspects in a natural and meaningful way. Students are engaged in the learning process as they are working on a process-led task which makes them responsible of their own learning process. While they are discovering by their own, they are learning content using specific structures and lexis. This new approach of learning will benefit students as they do not have to be too conscious and worried about the language. Ball (2012, p. 57) states that â€Å"the language is not the objective. It does not subordinate the thematic content†. CLIL can help especially some Peruvian students who are too consciously aware of structures which prevent them from learning meaningfully. Moreover, pre-teaching language will not be necessary as the language occurs in its conceptual and functional context promoting inference among students. As CLIL gives students the opportunity to be in charge of their own learning process, it promotes the use of high order skills. According to Ball (2012), when students make use of high order skills such as comparing, criticizing, analyzing, differentiating among others, it is more likely that learning is significant and as consequence students will learn. For this reason, it is important the use of materials which contain process-oriented tasks as they engage students in learning. We believe that CLIL will help Peruvian students to develop and improve their cognitive skills as they are used to memorizing, recognizing, ordering and listing which are low order skills. In this way, CLIL will not only help students become English proficient but it will also help them to become more cognitive skillful in general. Students make use of low order skills mainly due to the use of the traditional grammatical syllabus which is synthetic. Unlike the synthetic syllabus which is based on the analysis of the language to be learned, CLIL is based on the analysis of the learning process. According to Ball (2012), in this new approach, learners are exposed to the language holistically so that the learners will assimilate the input while doing the task and develop an implicit knowledge of rules. As a consequence, students will discover by themselves and will not become too dependent on the teacher’s explanation of grammatical rules as they will learn them implicitly while being exposed to the language and doing the tasks. Another important advantage of using CLIL is the increase of exposure to English. In Peru, English is considered a foreign language so students do not have much exposure except in the classrooms. As it has been mentioned, the hours of English per week in public schools are reduced to a minimum of 2 hours. While in private schools, it can vary depending on the quality of education provided by the school. For this reason, it is important that students are exposed to English in many situations as possible in the school. Using CLIL will not only help solve the problem of lack of exposure but it will also help solve the curriculum constraints. These 2 problems are closely related as there are too many subjects to teach, English suffers a minor presence in the curriculum which is especially the case in public schools. We believe that the ideal subject to introduce CLIL in the school is Computing as students are accustomed to using computers every day, they are familiar with its language which includes many English words. Computing will introduce the students and teachers to the CLIL world smoothly. While students get used to it, teachers can receive appropriate training so that they can teach other subjects in English. To sum up, after having discussed the weaknesses and strengths of this new approach, we do not think that a strong version of CLIL will be the approach for the future in our context; however, a weak version of this approach will be more feasible. In order to succeed, CLIL should be language driven-oriented as students need to develop their content and social skills. We consider that a weak form of CLIL is the best option for our country based on its reduced exposure to the foreign language, difficulties in the educational system and lack of teachers’ training. In order to implement it, we believe that communication among the different areas is essential so that planning of the curriculum is integrated and meaningful for students. In the future, it is likely that this version of CLIL would not be so weak, but training and educational reform are strongly needed so that there would not be much difference regarding the quality of education between the public and the private school. A good CLIL teacher should be competent in the target language as well as in the subject to be taught. Materials also play an important role as they should reflect the students’ context and needs. We believe that CLIL provides certain qualities that prepare students for globalization such as improving language competence, raising awareness of L1 and L2, promoting intercultural knowledge and understanding and increasing learners’ motivation which will prepare students for their future studies and working life. Finally, we expect CLIL to consolidate as the new approach for the future as it considers English a â€Å"core skill†, which is the current way to perceive English. Bibliography BALL, P (Eds) (2012). Content and Language Integrated Learning. FUNIBER. BALL, P LINDSAY, D. (2010). CLIL in Spain. Teacher training for CLIL.

SARS Essay Example

SARS Essay The outbreak of SARS was first detected in 2003 in Hong Kong, Singapore, Toronto and Vietnam. The WHO described this disease as an atypical pneumonia (http://www.who.int/csr/sars/archive/2003_03_12/en/index.html).In the same year scientists identified the virus responsible for SARS (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrievedb=PubMedlist_uids=12711465dopt=AbstractPlus). The virus SARS-Co V was identified as the cause of this disease. In order to ensure patient management, tracing of contact and epidemiological study, a laboratory diagnosis to determine infection with the virus was required. Scientists succeeded in unraveling the complete genome code of the various strains of SARS – CoV. Serology examinations are required to confirm infection with this virus. These examinations help in determining the status of infection. Test for antibodies on viral lysate may give unreliable results as there exists a possibility that the virus lysate is produced due to the closely related other corona viruses that cause common cold. To overcome this problem, an isolation of whole virus dependent assays is required for the diagnosis of SARS – CoV infection. Further the Infected cell – dependent indirect immunofluorescence test for anti – SARS IgG antibody provides accurate results of infection with SARS – CoV. The immunofluorescence test is an excellent method for determining the reactivity of samples to screening assays (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol10no3/03-0493.htm). In addition, the procedure of Enzyme Immunoassay or EIA constitutes an efficient method for determining SARS – CoV antibodies. The results of this test are unambiguous to a significantly greater extent, in diagnosing viral infection, in comparison to the results obtained from RT-PCR. In the early stages of infection, the antibodies do not render themselves to detection and at that juncture, the sero conversion from negative to positive or an abnormal increase in antibody titer from acute to convalescent serum specimens, would be of immense help in detecting the presence of antibodies. If a serology test results proves to be positive, then it can be construed that the patient has been infected with the SARS – CoV. Furthermore, most patients of SARS develop antibodies within eight to ten days of being infected by the virus. However, some patients do not develop antibodies even after twenty – eight days from the onset of illness. For such patients the test has to be done on serum specimens collected after twenty eight days of the illness. The extant methods for serological diagnosis of SARS – CoV infection are antibody identification in acute and convalescent – phased serum samples of the patient by immunofluorescence assay and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay or ELISA with the extracts of cell culture (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=pubmedCmd=ShowDetailViewTermToSearch=12690092ordinalpos=1itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVAbstractPlus ). The results of the examinations of indirect immunofluorescence assay and ELISA with tissue culture are not standard in comparison with ELISA based antibody detections examinations with recombinant antigens. In addition to this, the production of infected lines for coating the ELISA plates and the slides used therein require cultivation of SARS – CoV. We will write a custom essay sample on SARS specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on SARS specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on SARS specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Some of the efficient techniques employed in serological testing are Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay or EIA and Immunofluorescence Assay or IFA. These techniques assist in determining the existence of anti – coronavirus antibodies. The possibility of a mixture of IgG and IgM antibodies being present in a SARS patient’s serum can be confirmed by using EIA techniques (http://www.cdc.gov/eid/content/13/10/pdfs/07-0576.pdf ). An uncomplicated, effective and non invasive test for detecting SARS was invented by microbiologists in Hong Kong (http://www.thd.org.tr/haber/goster.asp?HaberID=232). This test is a real time quantitative assay, which can be used usually within three to four hours of the commencement of the illness. In this test, the presence of coronavirus in the nasal swabs or throat cultures is tested in order to detect any antibody response in them (http://www.clinchem.org/cgi/data/49/4/DC1/1).

Frankenstein playing God Essays

Frankenstein playing God Essays Frankenstein playing God Paper Frankenstein playing God Paper Essay Topic: Frankenstein There are a number of reasons that support the opinion that the creature is a monster; his atrocious appearance unquestionably resembles that of an inhuman being, his fiendish murders are outrageous and disgraceful, and his genesis was simply an experiment of Frankensteins. However, as the reader continues through the novel they begin to realise that despite being cursed with a ghastly appearance, the creature has the personality of a human. He endures feelings of both utter compassion and uncontrollable fury. He can distinguish between good and evil. And his despicable acts can almost be excused as peoples iniquitous behaviour filled him with complete indignation as they failed to even share pleasantries with him. Therefore the creature is human in every way except for his grotesque appearance. In fact if the creature was privileged with a normal exterior then he would be no different from an infant entering the world; he has a thirst for knowledge, he desires a loved one, and he is dramatically influenced by his surroundings. Therefore, Mary Shelley creates the question: What possesses the creature to behave in such a despicable way? I believe the answer is the abysmal way in which humans behave towards him. If people didnt behave in such a hostile manner then there is no question in my mind that the creature would have behaved no differently to a typical human being. Throughout the novel the creature is consistently burdened by his hideous appearance. : At the creatures creation Frankenstein describes his exterior in detail: His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness; but these luxuriances only formed a more horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed almost of the same colour as the dun white sockets in which they were set, his shrivelled complexion and straight black lips. This clearly describes an abhorrent and monstrous exterior where even the few human qualities detract from his overall appearance. The muscles and arteries protruding through the yellow skin, the peculiar eyes and sockets, and the repulsive lips create a disturbing imagine, however its the human qualities of the white teeth and lustrous black hair that make his appearance sound so sickening, as if qualities that a human desire simply worsen his overall exterior then he must be the most inexcusably grotesque creature ever created. However, the above quote is not the only description we have of the creatures appearance. We learn how frightfully hideous the creature really is when he first views his reflection. At first I started back, unable to believe that it was indeed I who was reflected in the mirror; and when I became fully convinced that I was in reality the monster that I am, I was filled with the bitterest sensations of despondence and mortification. The creature is not upset or saddened by his appearance but mortified. He is so revolting that his reflection caused him to start back in fright. However as the creature detests his appearance this quote can be used as evidence supporting the point that he is a human, as all humans desire a more attractive exterior. Appearance is meaningless to a monster, as it does not long for a companion, whereas a human does. Therefore I believe this quote supports the point that he is a human. The best passage, however, in the novel to describe how foul the creature really looks is when the cottagers observe him; Who can describe their horror and consternation on beholding me? Agatha fainted; and Safie, unable to attend to her friend, rushed out of the cottage. This quotation illustrates how nauseating the creature is as he immediately alarms anyone who glimpses at him. This explains that he is not just ugly or unattractive but so alien that people cannot even sustain consciousness when they come into contact with him. This is a definitely a reason supporting the idea that the creature is a monster. However, although his exterior is monstrous, that does not make him a monster. We learn that the creature has the capability to distinguish between right and wrong; I did not strive to control myself. This illustrates that the creature has the ability to control his emotions which is a trait that a monster lacks. The language the creature used portrays a character showing remorse, as he does not use the casual word; didnt he used the words; did not. If he had said this in a casual way it would insinuate that the creature shows no remorse and thinks of the disgraceful act as a usual occurrence. However, as he spoke in a formal and powerful manner, he shows regret and remorse. In the creatures narrative we learn that the creature desires more than just the raw animal needs of warmth, food and water. Instead, he behaves similar to an infant learning about his surroundings. The creature describes the difficulty of walking, eating and speaking. He describes his thoughts when he comes into contact with fire; In my joy I thrust my hand into the live embers, but quickly drew it out again with a cry of pain. How strange, I thought, that the same cause should produce such opposite effects! This is vital evidence that the creature is human as he is not angered by the pain as a monster would, but is simply curious; How strange. Not only is the creature curious about his surroundings, but he gains a thirst for knowledge. He has a clear interest in the world. He wants to know why the cottagers are both content and miserable at times. He wants to know where hes placed on the social hierarchy. He wants to discover the history of earth. Therefore when the book Ruins of Empire came into his possession he studied it fervently, which excited a mixture of feelings. This is definitive evidence that the creatures personality is human, as not only does he have a keen interest in knowledge but the tales animated feelings of both compassion and fury as he empathized with the characters. A monster is selfish. It cannot understand feelings of compassion as it cannot empathize. It lives to eat, drink and sleep and has no other interests. The creature has acquired a passionate interest in knowledge and is capable of feelings of compassion. Therefore, despite having the appearance of a monster, he has the personality of a human being. The creatures narrative of himself is a complete contrast to Frankensteins narrative of the creature. Frankenstein tells the story of a vile monster thoughtlessly killing innocent people.

Advertising Campaign Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advertising Campaign - Case Study Example The university has been promoting its undergraduate marketing degree in Hong Kong. It needs to further promote it as the university has not yielded expected returns. The promotion should highlight the key benefit or unique selling proposition (usp) of UniSA that should immediately appeal to the target audience. That is to say it should tell the audience how the University of South Australia is different from its competitors. A perceptual mapping will prove beneficial in this regard to chart the target audiences' perception of UniSA compared with that of Harvard school of business. "Before you embark on an image advertising campaign, you need to know the type of image you wish to convey. A key component of your decision should be an understanding of your current image and your competitors' images. This knowledge can be gained through image research and perceptual mapping." (Perceptual mapping_deciding what image to project)Both the universities are doing well on the tradition attribut e. So there does not seem to be any scope for promotion based on these attributes. As far as fame and reputation is concerned they are the lowest attributes in importance. So there should not be any concern regarding promotion based on these attributes. Now the real opportunity lies in the three most important attributes, that is, professional, casual and modern and employment opportunity.

Presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Presentation - Essay Example This, as a result, set path for new ideas about seeking to learn a more universally acceptable language, and my passion for learning English was born. It is widely known that English is the most spoken language in the world today, with a large number of countries worldwide using it as their official language. It is also one of the most used media of communication especially in books, music and films to date. These are some of the notable reasons that made it very easy for me to settle with English as my choice of language that I had to learn. The journey to learn English, just like any other new thing, was not easy. For one, this was a time-consuming and equally challenging task especially considering the vast differences in the structure and elements between my native Arabic language and those in English. The virtual lack of a clear correlation between the two meant that I had to place more effort so that I could excel in understanding the new language. I am glad that today I can stand and address people in English, which could only sound like a fantasy to me sometimes back. Today, I want particularly to revisit one of the most interesting and indeed important part of my English learning journey; my first English presentation in school. As a brief description of my background, I joined an English language learning school in the USA where I believed would provide the best environment for learning the language. It is said that if one is to learn a language quickly, then surrounding yourself with the language is the single most efficient method of learning i.e. spending time with people speaking the language, listening to music and watching movies written in the language among others. USA perfectly provided all of these characteristics. The course outline in the language class consisted of presentations sessions where students were put to task in an attempt to

War is a force that gives us meaning Essay Example for Free

War is a force that gives us meaning Essay War, when we confront it truthfully, exposes the darkness within all of us. This darkness shatters the illusions many of us hold not only about the human race but also about ourselves. Few of us confront our own capacity for evil, but this is especially true in wartime. And even those who engage in combat are afterward given cups from the River Lethe to forget. And with each swallow they imbibe the myth of war. For the myth makes war palatable. It gives war a logic and sanctity it does not possess. It saves us from peering into the darkest recesses of our own hearts. And this is why we like it. It is why we clamor for myth. The myth is enjoyable, and the press, as is true in every nation that goes to war, is only too happy to oblige. They dish it up and we ask for more. War as myth begins with blind patriotism, which is always thinly veiled self-glorification. We exalt ourselves, our goodness, our decency, our humanity, and in that self-exaltation we denigrate the other. The flip side of nationalism is racismlook at the jokes we tell about the French. It feels great. War as myth allows us to suspend judgment and personal morality for the contagion of the crowd. War means we do not face death alone. We face it as a group. And death is easier to bear because of this. We jettison all the moral precepts we have about the murder of innocent civilians, including children, and dismiss atrocities of war as the regrettable cost of battle. As I write this article, hundreds of thousands of innocent people, including children and the elderly, are trapped inside the city of Basra in southern Iraqa city I know wellwithout clean drinking water. Many will die. But we seem, because we imbibe the myth of war, unconcerned with the suffering of others. Yet, at the same time, we hold up our own victims. These crowds of silent deadour soldiers who made the supreme sacrifice and our innocents who were killed in the crimes against humanity that took place on 9/11are trotted out to sanctify the cause and our employment of indiscriminate violence. To question the cause is to defile the dead. Our dead counts. Their dead does not. We endow our victims, like our cause, with righteousness. And this righteousness gives us the moral justification to commit murder. It is an old story. In wartime we feel a comradeship that, for many of us, makes us feel that for the first time we belong to the nation and the group. We are fooled into thinking that in wartime social inequalities have been obliterated. We are fooled into feeling that, because of the threat, we care about others and others care about us in new and powerful waves of emotion. We are giddy. We mistake this for friendship. It is not. Comradeship, the kind that comes to us in wartime, is about the suppression of self-awareness, self-possession. All is laid at the feet of the god of war. And the cost of this comradeship, certainly for soldiers, is self-sacrifice, self-annihilation. In wartime we become necrophiliacs. As it happens, Ive just finished reading Mr. Hedges memoir, â€Å"War is a Force that Gives us Meaning†, and its very much of a piece with this, which is to say heartfelt, but overstated, particularly as regards his own country. Mr. Hedges spent fifteen years as a foreign correspondent, covering every war and genocide you can name, and many that few of us can. As just a reminder of these conflicts and of the victims thereof, it is worth reading. However, when he tries to draw broader conclusions he, perhaps understandably, overreacts. The truths that he speaks of above are not the only truths that war exposes, nor are they necessarily the primary truths. Its a truism that war is terrible, but it is just not the case, as even he ultimately must concede, that it is the most terrible thing. It would be dishonest to argue that myth is not an important part of patriotism and the will to war, but consider how much here is not myth. The deads of 9-11 were in fact innocent victims. They went to work one fine morning in September and because of that they were murdered. No amount of scab-picking about past American policy in the Middle East can ever make it so that they deserved to die, can it? Likewise, those who perpetrated that heinous act, al Qaeda, and those who aided them, the Taliban, can not escape moral culpability, no matter what their grievances against the United States. It is an objective truth that at least these victims of ours were innocent and at least those enemies are not. A somewhat better case can be made that the people of Iraq are innocent victims. However, they were victims of Saddam before we liberated themMr. Hedges might wince at the boastfulness of a term like liberation, but there is no reason for us toand their lives are immeasurably better today for our having acted. Who cares more for the people of Basra, those content to stand idly by while Saddam oppressed them or those whove returned their freedom to them? Moreover, far from ignoring the suffering of potential innocents in this war, we took every reasonable (and some perhaps unreasonable) precaution to avoid civilian casualties. If the myths of which Mr. Hedges speaks were wholly true, it would have been simplicity itself to slaughter Iraqis indiscriminately, even to exterminate the population, yet this we did not do. Here is the inescapable problem for Mr. Hedges: give a Hitler, a Stalin, a Milosevic, a bin Laden, a whomever, nuclear weapons and there can be little doubt theyd use them to kill their enemies. Yet we have them and we do not use them (except the twice, sixty years ago). If we had truly become necrophiliacs, as are our foes so often become, why would we not kill to out utmost capacity to do so? The attacks on the World Trade Center illustrate that those who oppose us, rather than coming from another moral universe, have been schooled well in modern warfare. The dramatic explosions, the fireballs, the victims plummeting to their deaths, the collapse of the towers in Manhattan, were straight out of Hollywood. Where else, but from the industrialized world, did the suicide hijackers learn that huge explosions and death above a city skyline are a peculiar and effective form of communication? They have mastered the language. They understand that the use of disproportionate violence against innocents is a way to make a statement. We leave the same calling cards. Corpses in wartime often deliver messages. The death squads in El Salvador dumped three bodies in the parking lot of the Camino Real Hotel in San Salvador, where the journalists were based, and early one morning. Death threats against us were stuffed in the mouths of the bodies. And, on a larger scale, Washington uses murder and corpses to transmit its wrath. We delivered such incendiary messages in Vietnam, Iraq, Serbia, and Afghanistan. Osama bin Laden has learned to speak the language of modern industrial warfare. Organized killing is done best by a disciplined, professional army. But war also empowers those with a predilection for murder. Petty gangsters, reviled in pre-war Sarajevo, were transformed overnight at the start of the conflict into war heroes. What they did was no different. They still pillaged, looted, tortured, raped, and killed; only then they did it to Serbs, and with an ideological veneer. Slobodan Milosevic went one further. He opened up the countrys prisons and armed his criminal class to fight in Bosnia. Once we sign on for wars crusade, once we see ourselves on the side of the angels, once we embrace a theological or ideological belief system that defines itself as the embodiment of goodness and light, it is only a matter of how we will carry out murder. The eruption of conflict instantly reduces the headache and trivia of daily life. The communal march against an enemy generates a warm, unfamiliar bond with our neighbors, our community, and our nation, wiping out unsettling undercurrents of alienation and dislocation. War, in times of malaise and desperation, is a potent distraction. George Orwell in 1984 wrote of the necessity of constant wars against the Other to forge a false unity among the proles: War had been literally continuous, though strictly speaking it had not always been the same war. The enemy of the moment always represented absolute evil. Patriotism, often a thinly veiled form of collective self-worship, celebrates our goodness, our ideals, our mercy and bemoans the perfidiousness of those who hate us. War makes the world understandable, a black and white tableau of them and us. It suspends thought, especially self-critical thought. All bow before the supreme effort. We are one. Most of us willingly accept war as long as we can fold it into a belief system that paints the ensuing suffering as necessary for a higher good, for human beings seek not only happiness but also meaning. And tragically war is sometimes the most powerful way in human society to achieve meaning. This is positively bizarre. One might imagine us to have been at war with the Arab world throughout the 90s, and Osama bin Laden to just be responding to our constant attacks. In fact, the truth, as the analysts tell us is the opposite. It was precisely because America was so reticent to respond to terror in any systematic way, so loathe leaving behind the roaring 90s and go to war, that al Qaeda became emboldened. In Mr. Hedge’s account we woke up one day, found our lives lacked meaning, and marched to war with an Islam we suddenly decided to portray as evil. In reality, we woke one day to find the World Trade Center and Pentagon in flames, decided that our lives had a meaning worth defending after all, and set out not to fight all Islam but those who have distorted it into something hateful. When in human history has a leader gone further out of his waymany would argue too farto limit just who the enemy is, to limit the material destruction and civilian deaths, to get aid to the newly liberated peoples, etc. Whenever else have military bombed countries with food and humanitarian supplies? No, to accept Mr. Hedges implicit argument that there is no difference between us and al Qaeda or between Saddam Hussein and George W. Bush is to abandon even the idea of morality. It is too deny that morality exists. Mr. Hedges himself acknowledges this, if not directly, when he disavows pacifism: The poison that is war does not free us from the ethics of responsibility. There are times when we must take this poisonjust as a person with cancer accepts chemotherapy to live. We cannot succumb to despair. Force is and I suspect always will be part of the human condition. There are times when the force wielded by one immoral faction must be countered by a faction that, while never moral, is perhaps less immoral. This is sheer nonsense. A doctor administers poison to the chemotherapy patienthas he not behaved morally? A bystander or a policeman uses force to stop a rapehave they not acted morally just because they used force, which, as Mr. Hedges says, will always be part of the human condition? One nation intervenes with force to stop genocide or a megalomaniac dictatorin what sense is this not a moral act? He closes the chapter by saying: This is not a call for inaction. It is a call for repentance. So we should not stand by and watch as one people slaughter another, but if we use force to stop it we must repent that use of force? What kind of morality is it that holds you guilty if you act and if you dont? The answer is not a serious one. This is mere self-flagellation and pious posturing. Mr. Hedges provides us with a harrowing glimpse of modern war and a salutary warning about how the enthusiasms of war affect all us, but he goes way too far and lapses into absurdity when he demands that we treat all uses of force as immoral

Tim OBriens Zeugmatic Novel, The Things They Carried :: Things They Carried Essays

Tim O'Brien's Zeugmatic Novel, The Things They Carried An early example of zeugma comes from Quintilian, the ancient Roman rhetorician, who cites the following from Cicero: "Lust conquered shame, boldness fear, madness reason," where the verb "conquered" is understood to also govern the final two phrases in the sentence (Crowley 203). The 18th century, an age of great rhetorical knowledge on the part of writers and preachers (and at least one writer-preacher, Laurence Sterne), is the heyday of zeugma. In "The Rape of the Lock" Alexander Pope speculates what may happen to Bellinda on a particularly ominous day: Whether the Nymph shall break Diana's Law, Or some frail China Jar receive a Flaw, Or stain her Honour, or her new Brocade, Forget her Pray'rs, or miss a Masquerade, Or lose her Heart, or Necklace, at a Ball.... (Butt 225) Pope does a beautiful job of contrasting the serious and the superficial in these five lines-will her chastity or her jar become flawed, will she forget her prayers or the masquerade? My paraphrases here fill out an implied zeugma in these lines, but it is in the third and fifth lines where he actually employs zeugma: will she "stain her Honour, or her new Brocade"? Will she "lose her Heart, or Necklace, at a ball"? In these "stain" and "lose" branch out to include (or to be more etymologically correct) YOKE quite different things: lace and a necklace being a bit more easily replaced than a stained honor and a lost heart, as those of you who have been in love may perhaps attest to. Richard Lanham, in a Handlist of Rhetorical Terms, defines zeugma as follows and again cites an example in Pope: "One verb governs several congruent words or clauses, each in a different way, as in 'The Rape of the Lock': Here thou, great Anna! whom three realms obey Dost sometimes counsel take-and sometimes tea." (Lanham 104-5)

Government Punjab Public Library Essay

Government Punjab Public Library Lahore lies in the heart of the city of Lahore at the Library Road near Lahore Museum. Thelibrary is centrally situated in this way and has a pleasant atmosphere for a calm and peaceful study. The library holds an exceptional rare collection of books in English, Urdu, Persian, Arabic and Punjabi. The total collection is about 500,000 books now, comprising of massive numbers of magazines and newspapers, reports, also the old gazettes of Punjab, Pakistan and undivided India and more than 1,500 manuscripts. Government Punjab Public Library was formed by Sir Charles Aitcheson in1886. It started off with an old monument-type building where they had only 70 books. Gradually donations of books and documents were made and the library system managed to build up strongly. It? s main purpose was to build a public library and a reading room. The other Blocks were built in 1924, 1939 and 1992. Introduction: Government Punjab Public Library is facing some major problems from quite some time. These problems include mostly theft and it is discovered after the theft, waiting in long queues before issuing the book, discovering, after waiting for long, that the desired book is unavailable, tast is done manually. There is no system to keep a proper check on the books in stock and also on the visitor. The need to introduce an automated system as a solution to the problems faced by the members of the Government Punjab Public Library bought me to RFID system. By introducing RFID system, which happens to be a combination of a computer chip and a small radio antenna that allows object to self-identify, we intend to solve all the above mentioned problems. This is a unique system of its kind that not only is the fastest, easiest and most effective way to track, locate and manage library material but also pledge security and safety. A number of deficiencies have been experienced in the current system of the library since the work is done manually which happens to be a big problem. Hence it seems to be the need of the hour to provide The Government Punjab Public Library with an automated system which is going to make lives, of all those who really want to bring some change by devoting most of their times in gaining knowledge, a lot easier. RFID system would help in making an effective flow of book circulation. Also, it helps in tracking the book in minutes instead of hours and the unique ID of the RFID tag prevents counterfeiting. Through market research ie; through the interviews that I conducted from the members and librarian on my visit to the library, I have concluded that 87% people are in a desperate need for a better system. According to these people, if an automated system is introduced not only members but non-members would also purchase or issue books which would end up increasing their market share. Apparently the conditions of Government Punjab Public Library demand an automated system that not only keeps a check on the stock but also helps the librarian in looking for one and also deals with security concerns. Therefore I believe that RFID system happens to be the best suited solution for a problem like this because this society is capable of producing really good writers, scholars, poets, students and a platform like an automated Library system can be a gateway to success for such people. I determinedly believe that by pursuing this possibility and by implementing, controlling and maintaining a system like this, we will be able to satisfy a large number of people who are the only hope to bring a change about a change in Pakistan. Discussion Apparently Government Punjab Public Library is undergoing some problems. These problems lead to low members follow–up and is the reason why there is a need for a better system. For starters, currently members complaint of experiencing long queues which frustrates them and they don’t want to return back. The frustration is further caused when after waiting for several minutes it is discovered that the book isn’t available in the library. And in case the book is available, the member has to wait for long since the manual entry of book issuing takes long. Disappointment follows when members receive unfriendly staff. Moreover constant cases of theft have been witnessed by the librarian. Members often hide the books in their bags and leave without issuing. This not only causes stock mismanagement but also results in disappointment. To solve these problems, installing an RFID system, is important. The purpose of installing RFID system in the library system is to change the current manual and hectic structure. This would not only help in eliminating theft but will also reduce time consumption and level of disappointment that is caused when discovered that the desired book/s is/are unavailable. Hence, getting an effective and automated Library Management System is essential. The reason why I chose RFID system is because it is the fastest, easiest and most efficient way to track, locate & manage library materials. Not only that, through RFID system automatic check-in and check-out can be practiced. While interviewing the librarians at the library I, time and again, heard them complaining about the mismanagement of the stock and also that it takes long in locating a book. Through RFID system Library inventory tracking can be done in minutes instead of hours because it is basically a wireless system for automatic identifications and tracking by using radio frequency electromagnetic fields, by transferring the data from a tag attached to a product, which in this case are the books. One of the problems that the librarian highlighted and laid great stress on addressing that problem was the stealing of books. According to the librarian, this is one of the biggest issues the management of library is dealing with but with the help of RFID system, they can easily address to a situation like this. With the help of walk through gates, which is one of the components of RFID system, stealer can be easily located. This is possible because every book will have its own RFID tag like every member will have theirs. And if someone tries to take the book without issuing, that person can easily be traced with the help of walk through gates which will start to beam as soon as some is illegally exiting. This brings me to the point of discussing some of the benefits that can be driven from introducing RFID system. For starters, with the walk through gates and tags, no thefts will be claimed hence, a secure library management system will be exercised. Moreover the schedule of the staff will become flexible. This is because the routine would not be as hectic as before. Also if two persons were dealing with a task earlier, now only one can easily handle it. Furthermore, trained workforce would walk in. There is another business benefit that will be gathered in the form of customer satisfaction. Obviously, when the customers would not have to wait for their turn, standing in a long queue, they would be much happier and content. Conclusion: Keeping in mind the benefits it can easily be concluded that this system will be a big success once installed. It won’t be a wise move to deny the fact that it is going to be a big investment but analyzing the benefits which are significant and undeniable, the cost would be a secondary thing to worry about. Currently the books are mishandled and misplaced by the incessant handling processes of the staff members. There is too much hassle in material handling. Now this issue would be resolved due to the self-digitalized service by the members and the staff as well and as a result the inventory would be properly preserved. With the RFID, the Punjab Public Library management system would be revolutionized and the overall performance would catch pace and tasks would be done quickly and on time. References: 1. Personally visited the Government Punjab Publiv library 2. http://www. rfid-library. com/en/default_e. html 3. http://gppl. org. pk/ 4. http://www. logisticsit. com/articles/2007/03/22/2679-the-benefits-of-rfid 5. http://www. jesic-tech. com/RFID_iLib. html 6. http://www. rfid-library. com/en/system-four-phases. html.

Essay Lowering the Drinking Age to Eighteen - 1340 Words

In 1984 Transportation Secretary Elizabeth Dole lobbied for all states to raise the legal drinking age from eighteen to twenty-one. The consequence for a state not raising the age was to lose a portion of their federal highway funding. I personally believe that the drinking age being twenty-one is just like when the voting age was twenty-one, if I can go to war and die for my country, then I should be able to go to the bar and buy a beer. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the biggest problems in our society is under age drinking. They tell us how we aren’t allowed to drink, that we aren’t old enough or mature enough to do it, but the more adults talk about it, the more teenagers want to do it. When a kid goes off to college, it’s†¦show more content†¦What they don’t understand is that it takes a long time to get used to dealing with the after effects of a fifteen beer night. So they go out their first night, grab a cup, and start to drink. Sounds like fun until they try to walk home and they can’t remember where their dorm is. So they stumble around for a while, sometimes alone and other times with a group of friends. This goes on for a while until something finally happens. One outcome, the one that all kids think is going to happen, is that they finally find their limit and learn how to be responsible with their drinking while having fun at the same time. Another option is that they end up in jail for the night and then they have to go explain to mommy and daddy why they need an extra $200 this month. The next possible outcome is the one that no kid ever thinks will happen to them, that is when they end up in the hospital getting their stomach pumped because they drank too much. For most kids that is enough to make them never drink that much again, but some kids see it as a challenge, and the next time they go to the hospital it is because someone found them dead on the floor the next morning. My friends and I started to really drink the summer before my senior year. Personally I tried never to drink too much because I was alwaysShow MoreRelatedAccording To â€Å"College Drinking,† Almost Two Out Of Three1388 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to â€Å"College Drinking,† almost two out of three college students engage in binge drinking. Binge drinking is a pattern of drinking that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels to 0.08 g/dL or higher (â€Å"College Drinking†). Many parents, guardians, and psychologists believe that college students binge drink because they think drinking is an integral part of their higher education. Similar to peer pressure, college students drink because the rest of the student body drinks. FurthermoreRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Of The United States Essay1385 Words   |  6 Pagesthe night before when they went out drinking. It is a common fact that most teenagers have had a drink of alcohol before their twenty-fir st birthday. Most teenagers drink regularly or in some cases, binge drink. Nobody can prevent underage drinking. When people tell a teenagers they cannot have something, it inclines them to want it even more and teenagers will go to extreme lengths to obtain it. In 1984, Congress passed the law stating the legal drinking age in the United States was twenty-one (Alcoholism)Read MoreLowering The Drinking Age From Twenty857 Words   |  4 PagesAt eighteen years of age a teenager becomes an adult. They can choose to move out of their parents home, vote, marry, joining the military and buy tobacco and lottery tickets, but it isn’t illegal to purchase alcohol. However, in twenty-nine states it is legal to consume alcohol at eighteen, but not to purchase alcohol. Becoming an adult has many responsibilities; therefore, citizens should be able to drink at eighteen. The United States should lower the drinking age from twenty-one to eighteen becauseRead MoreFor Years, The Debate About Deciding A Minimum Legal Drinking1638 Words   |  7 Pagesminimum legal drinking age (MLDA) has plagued the United States. The arguments can include that intoxicated driving accidents will increase if the MLDA was lowered or that the current MLDA is not decreasing drinking among young adults at all. The torn arguments between ages eighteen and twenty-one have not proven one age to be the right answer to the problem of deciding a drinking age, but if the MLDA was lowered to age eighteen, it would be the most beneficial choice because lowering it will benefitRead MoreLowering the Drinking Age1223 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"What we’re doing now to prevent underage drinking isn’t working; it’s time to try something else.† Although many people argue that the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1964, which lowed the drinking age from eighteen to twenty one, was a good idea. David J Hanson a professor in the State University of New York believed that someth ing needs to be done to make the United States a safer place to live. Is it fair that people in the United States can serve in the military, vote in elections, serveRead MorePersuasive Essay On Underage Drinking1291 Words   |  6 PagesUnderage drinking is one of the largest problems that we have in the United States. This is a problem because alcohol is an item that nobody under twenty-one years of age is allowed to purchase or consume. People who are underage are punished by law when they consume or attempt to purchase alcohol illegally. This makes people under twenty-one want alcohol even more. In other countries where the drinking age is lower, there are less problems because it gives parents the push to teach their childrenRead MoreThe Drinking Age Should Be Legal974 Words   |  4 PagesThe Drinking Age For many reasons, the drinking age has been set at twenty-one years old, but has the time come to lower the drinking age? Many argue that the drinking age needs to be lowered back to eighteen for many reasons; however, studies and statistics show that lowering the drinking age is harmful and even deadly. Some people believe that binge drinking can be solved by lowering the drinking age, but lowering the drinking age is not the solution to binge drinking. Many teenagers spend theirRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Of The United States1479 Words   |  6 Pages The legal drinking age in the United States has been argued for many decades. The current minimal legal drinking age is twenty-one but some want to lower between eighteen and twenty. The main focus of the research conducted and opinions of people are based on the minimal legal drinking age of eighteen. The research is taken from the 1970s, when the twenty-sixth Amendment was passed in the Constitution (Wagenaar, 206). It was stated that eighteen is the â€Å"age of majority†, so thirty-nine of theRead MoreLowering The Alcohol Drinking Age1602 Words   |  7 Pages Lowering The Alcohol Drinking Age Now a day’s teens that are under the age of twenty-one are out in trouble and drinking. They know that they are not old enough to drink and that is what makes them want to drink even more. Teens drink when they are not suppose to, but they know that when they drink, they must stay out of trouble. Lowering the alcohol drinking age will keep a bunch of teens out of trouble. If teens can stay safe while drinking then they should allow eighteen year olds to drinkRead MoreShould the Legal Drinking Age Be Lowered to Eighteen?1192 Words   |  5 PagesShould the legal alcohol drinking age be lowered to eighteen? At the age of eighteen years old, you are eligible to vote, you can legally purchase cigarettes, you are eligible for the military draft, you are willing to die for this country, you are even able to serve on a jury, and you are titled as an adult at the age of eighteen. Why can’t someone at the age of eighteen not drink alcohol? Who is to say that just because some one is twenty-one years of age means that they are wise enough to drink